In 2000, no beavers were officially known to be living wild in the UK. Note the "known to be" part, because in 2001, one was reported on the Tay, probably an escapee from a collection, and over the next decade, more and more beavers turned up in the Tay and its environs, and in 2020 they went public and there were estimated to be 50-100, which is quite a lot for an animal that had been extinct in Scotland for 400 years. Cue predictable government agency plans to trap and remove the 'unlicensed' beavers to zoos, objections from
wildlife groups, and eventually after a great deal of wrangling the Tay beavers got to stay. Their presence also benefited a trial release population in Knapdale, who might have been doomed to trial status forever, but obviously became a lot harder to claim could not be officially released into the wild when they were doing just fine in larger numbers elsewhere. Scotland is now estimated to have about 950 beavers, both wild and in continuing trials.
Meanwhile in England, a very similar story happened on a smaller scale when a beaver family was found living wild in Devon on the
River Otter in 2014, beavers having been extinct in England for about 500 years. Government planned to trap them, eventually forced into a 'trial', beavers eventually acknowledged as healthy native species living in their natural environment and not causing a problem, get to stay. Meanwhile other small-scale trials of releasing beavers in enclosures in England and Scotland continued, with trials discussed for Wales*.
Meanwhile, the beavers got on with what beavers do, which turns out to be not building enormous dams and felling swathes of Forestry Commission trees, but building substantial populations without official notice or assistance. This time they turned up on the River Avon and tributaries around Bristol and Bath. Video evidence was obtain in 2021, and this time beavers were already a protected species again so there was no question of capture. Investigation followed and earlier this year it turned out there are
around fifty of them.
Then a couple of weeks ago one turned up in someone's garden in Pembrokeshire. Theories inevitably default to an unofficial release, but personally I'd be checking if there weren't a population of 30+ living happily in the next valley.
Now if we could just do something about the continuing decline of the Scottish wildcat...
*Beavers don't appear to be native to Ireland, but some people
consider there is an argument for introduction.